JOURNALS OF RECORD, ABOLITION & REPUBLIC

The 7^th November appear to be a day for noting journals and journalists. The London Gazette is one of the official journals of record of the British Government, and the most important among such official journals in the United Kingdom, in which certain statutory notices are required to be published. The London Gazette claims to be the oldest surviving English newspapers and the oldest continuously published newspaper in the UK, having been first published on 7^th  November 1665 as the Oxford Gazette.

Lovejoy

On 7^th November 1837, in Alton, Illinois, abolitionist printer Elijah P. Lovejoy is shot dead by a mob while attempting to protect his printing shop from being destroyed a third time.

Elijah Parish Lovejoy was an American Presbyterian minister, abolitionist, journalist and newspaper editor. In 1837 he established The Alton Observer, an abolitionist newspaper, in Alton, Illinois, when he was forced to flee St. Louis, Missouri, where he edited the St. Louis Observer, after his printing press was destroyed for the third time.

On 7^th November, 1837, pro-slavery partisans approached Gilman's warehouse, where Lovejoy had hidden his printing press. According to the Alton Observer, the mob fired shots into the warehouse. When Lovejoy and his men returned fire, they hit several people in the crowd, killing a man named Bishop.

The leaders of the mob set up a ladder against the warehouse. They sent a boy up with a torch to set fire to the wooden roof. Lovejoy and his supporter Royal Weller went outside, surprised the pro-slavery partisans, pushed over the ladder and retreated back inside the warehouse. The mob put up the ladder again; when Lovejoy and Weller went out to overturn it, they were spotted and shot. Lovejoy was hit five times with slugs from a shotgun and died immediately; Weller was wounded. The mob destroyed the new printing press by carrying it to a window and throwing it out onto the riverbank. They broke it up and threw the pieces into the river. Elijah Lovejoy died two days short of his 35^th birthday. Publication of the Alton Observer ended after Lovejoy's murder,

Croly

Lippmann

The New Republic journal was founded by Herbert Croly and Walter Lippmann, (through the financial backing of heiress Dorothy Payne Whitney and her husband, Willard Straight, who maintained majority ownership). The magazine's first issue was published on November 7, 1914. The magazine's politics were liberal and progressive, and as such concerned with coping with the great changes brought about by America's late-19th century industrialisation. The magazine is widely considered important in changing the character of liberalism in the direction of governmental interventionism, both foreign and domestic.

Dorothy Payne Whitney

Straight